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International Introductions of
Pempheris mangula Introductions as compiled by FAO |
| Main Ref: | Golani, D., L. Orsi Relini, E. Massutà and J.-P. Quignard 2002 | ||||
| To: | Lebanon | ||||
| FAO area: | Mediterranean and Black Sea | ||||
| From: | Red Sea | ||||
| FAO area: | Indian Ocean, Western | ||||
| Year: | 1977 | ||||
| Range: | - | ||||
| Period: | 1975-1999 | ||||
| Established in the wild: | established, natural reproduction | ||||
| Established in aquaculture: | - | ||||
| Significant ecological interactions: | - | ||||
| Significant socio-economic effects: | - | ||||
| Introduced by: | |||||
| Reason: | Lessepsian migration | ||||
| Other reason: | |||||
| Comments: | Pending further information, date of introduction was assumed as two years prior to the publication of Ref. 56607. P. mangula is the only Pempheris which has migrated to the Mediterranean from the Red Sea. Previous reports of P. vanicolensis in the Mediterranean were misidentifications (Ref. 95675). Ref: | ||||
| Update record Fish Introductions Table | |||||